Hi Rob,
I would suggest that you use or make the planters at least 18" deep with 24" being better and 36" best. They should be at least as wide. You will still probably have to transplant into the ground after about 5 years unless you prune the top growth and the roots.
There's no way to say how many feet they will grow a year as that will depend on how much sun they get, the type of soil you use, etc. Perennial vines don't need or like alot of fertilizer high in nitrogen as that will cause lots of green growth at the expense of flowers. Keep in mind that with perennial plants, the first year they sleep, the second year they creep and the third year they leap. That is especially true with vines as they need more time to establish their roots to support all that top growth.
I hope you plant a native and not Japanese honeysuckle aka Hall's honeysuckle aka purple honeysuckle which is the invasive pest. The seeds are spread by birds.
Newt
When weeding, the best way to make sure you are removing a weed and not a valuable plant is to pull on it. If it comes out of the ground easily, it is a valuable plant.