Meaning: Tobacco
Latin Pronunciation: tab-AK-um

Meaning: Alternate spelling of Tabebuia, which is the Latinized form of the Brazilian vernacular name for this plant
Latin Pronunciation: tab-bee-YOO-yuh

Meaning: Latin form of Bergzabern, meaning mountain cottage
Latin Pronunciation: tab-er-nay-MON-tah-nee
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tab-er-nay-mon-TAY-nee

Meaning: Variant of tabuliformis, meaning formed like a tablet or flat shaped
Latin Pronunciation: tab-yoo-LAY-form-iss

Meaning: Flat; of or from Table Mountain in South Africa
Latin Pronunciation: tab-yoo-LAIR-ee

Meaning: Variant of tabuliforme, meaning formed like a tablet or flat shaped
Latin Pronunciation: tab-yoo-LAY-form-ee

Latin Pronunciation: tab-yew-/ay-riss
Meaning: flattened (parts).

Latin Pronunciation: tab -yew - lif - form-iss
Meaning: table-like.

Meaning: An American vernacular name, possibly of Aztec origin; converted to Hackmatack
Latin Pronunciation: tak-uh-muh-HAK-kuh

Meaning: Formed like a tablet, flat shaped; also spelled tabulaeforme
Latin Pronunciation: tab-yoo-LEE-form-ee

Meaning: Resinous
Latin Pronunciation: TAY-duh

Meaning: Torch-bearing
Latin Pronunciation: tay-DEE-ger-uh

Latin Pronunciation: tee-dij-er-us
Meaning: torch-bearing, resin-bearing.

Meaning: From the Greek taenia (ribbon) and ather (awn), referring to flattened lemma awns
Latin Pronunciation: tay-nee-ATH-er-um

Meaning: Possibly the diminutive of Tagetes (Marigold genus, named for Tages, an Etruscan god who sprang up from ploughed earth)
Latin Pronunciation: tag-eh-TEE-nuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:ta-je-TEE-nuh

Meaning: Resinous
Latin Pronunciation: TAY-dee

Meaning: Named for Harry Frank Tagg, 20th century botanist at the Edinburgh botanic garden and Rhododendron expert
Latin Pronunciation: tagg-ee-AY-num

Latin Pronunciation: tye-ten-siss
Meaning: from Tahiti.

Meaning: Of or from Taitung, Taiwan
Latin Pronunciation: tay-tung-EN-sis

Meaning: Of or from Taiwan (formerly Formosa)
Latin Pronunciation: tai-wan-EN-see

Meaning: Of or from Tahiti
Latin Pronunciation: ty-TEN-see

Meaning: Of or from Taiwan (formerly Formosa)
Latin Pronunciation: tai-wan-EN-sis

Meaning: Of or from the Takeshima islet (also known as Dok-do) in Korea
Latin Pronunciation: tak-ess-ih-MAH-nuh

Meaning: Of or from the Takeshima islet (also known as Dok-do) in Korea
Latin Pronunciation: tah-kes-ih-MEN-see

Meaning: Of or from the Takeshima islet (also known as Dok-do) in Korea
Latin Pronunciation: tah-kes-ih-MEN-sis

Meaning: Of or from the Tali (Dali) Range of Yunnan, in western China
Latin Pronunciation: tal-ee-EN-sis

Meaning: Of or from the Tali (Dali) Range of Yunnan, in western China
Latin Pronunciation: tal-ee-EN-see

Meaning: From the Arabic tamar (date) hindi (Indian)
Latin Pronunciation: tam-uh-RIN-dus

Meaning: Of or from Taltal, Chile
Latin Pronunciation: tal-tal-EN-see

Meaning: Of or from Taltal, Chile
Latin Pronunciation: tal-tal-EN-sis

Meaning: With leaves like Tamarisk
Latin Pronunciation: tam-ar-isk-uh-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: With leaves like Tamarisk
Latin Pronunciation: tam-ar-isk-uh-FOH-lee-um

Latin Pronunciation: tam-ar-iss-sif-foh-leeus
Meaning: Tamarisk-leaved.

Meaning: Ancient Latin name for this plant
Latin Pronunciation: TAM-uh-riks

Meaning: Resembles Tamnus (Latin name for a climbing plant)
Latin Pronunciation: tam-NOY-deez

Meaning: Resembles Tamus, (from the Latin tamnus, which refers to another climbing plant)
Latin Pronunciation: ta-MOY-deez

Meaning: Having foliage like Tamnus (Latin name for a climbing plant)
Latin Pronunciation: tam-ni-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: Of or from Tampa (Florida, U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: tam-PEN-see

Meaning: Of or from Tampico, the major city in Tamaulipas, Mexico
Latin Pronunciation: tam-pee-KEN-see

Meaning: Of or from Tampico, the major city in Tamaulipas, Mexico
Latin Pronunciation: tam-pee-KEN-sis

Meaning: Of or from Tampa (Florida, U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: tam-PEN-sis

tanbark

Residue of bark that has been used for tanning leather, useful for mulch or pathways.

Meaning: Leaves like Tanacetum
Latin Pronunciation: tan-uh-kee-tee-FOH-lee-uh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tan-uh-see-tee-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: Named for Lady Tankerville, whose family name was derived from the French town of Tancarville, hence the many spellings
Latin Pronunciation: tan-kar-VIL-ee-ay

Meaning: Of or from Tangut, Tibet
Latin Pronunciation: tan-GOO-tik-uh

tanglefoot

1. A sticky compound placed around the base of trees, etc., to prevent insects from climbing and damaging the plant. 2. A compound used to seal pruning wounds or other injuries.

Meaning: Named for Lady Tankerville, whose family name was derived from the French town of Tancarville, hence the many spellings
Latin Pronunciation: tan-kar-VIL-ee-ay

Meaning: Of or from Tangut, Tibet
Latin Pronunciation: tan-GOO-tik-us

Meaning: Named for Lady Tankerville, whose family name was derived from the French town of Tancarville, hence the many spellings
Latin Pronunciation: tan-kar-VIL-ee-ay

Meaning: Named for Lady Tankerville, whose family name was derived from the French town of Tancarville, hence the many spellings
Latin Pronunciation: tan-kar-VIL-ee-ay

Meaning: Named for Lady Tankerville, whose family name was derived from the French town of Tancarville, hence the many spellings
Latin Pronunciation: tan-kar-VIL-ee-eye

tannin (syn. tannic acid)

Any of various soluble astringent complex phenolic substances of plant origin, possibly giving protection to the plants. Tannins are used especially in tanning, dyeing, and making inks and pharmaceuticals.

Meaning: Named for Kampon Tansacha, director of the Nong Nooch Tropical Garden in Thailand who was instrumental in identifying this cycad
Latin Pronunciation: tan-sah-CHAH-na

Meaning: Of or from Tangut, Tibet
Latin Pronunciation: tan-GOO-tik-um

tapered

Gradually narrower or thinner.

tapetum

A layer of nutritive cells that invests the sporogenous tissue in the sporangium of higher plants.

taproot (alt. tap root)

The main root of a plant, having a single, dominant axis and often surviving the functions of structural support and food storage.

Meaning: Having foliage like Taraxacum (dandelion)
Latin Pronunciation: ta-raks-uh-kee-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: Having foliage like Taraxacum (dandelion)
Latin Pronunciation: ta-raks-uh-kee-FOH-lee-um

Meaning: Having foliage like Taraxacum (dandelion)
Latin Pronunciation: ta-raks-uh-kee-FOH-lee-us

Meaning: Late flowering, slow flowering
Latin Pronunciation: TAR-duh

Latin Pronunciation: tar-ax-iss-sif-foh-leeus
Meaning: with leaves like the Dandelion (Taraxicum).

Meaning: Late-flowering
Latin Pronunciation: tar-dee-FLOR-uh

Meaning: Late-flowering
Latin Pronunciation: tar-dee-FLOR-um

Latin Pronunciation: tar-dif-ftoh-rus
Meaning: late flowering.

Latin Pronunciation: tar-dye-vus
Meaning: late.

Meaning: Late-leafing
Latin Pronunciation: tar-dee-FOH-lee-a

Meaning: Late flowering, slow flowering
Latin Pronunciation: TAR-dum

Meaning: Late flowering, slow flowering
Latin Pronunciation: TAR-dus

Meaning: Of or from Tarija, Bolivia
Latin Pronunciation: tar-ih-HEN-see

Meaning: Of or from from Tarija, Bolivia
Latin Pronunciation: tar-ih-HEN-sis

tarsonemid mites

Small mites living and feeding on young plant tissues.

Meaning: Of or from the Tashkent Botanical Gardenm, Uzbekistan where the "Chitalpa" was created in the 1960s
Latin Pronunciation: tosh-ken-TEN-sis

Meaning: Of or from Central Asia
Latin Pronunciation: tar-TAR-eh-cus

Meaning: Of or from Tasmania (Australia); named in honor of 17th century Dutch navigator Abel Janszoon Tasman
Latin Pronunciation: tas-MAN-ee-kuh

Meaning: Of or from the Tatar Mountains Russia
Latin Pronunciation: tat-TAR-ee-kum

Meaning: Of or from Tasmania (Australia); named in honor of 17th century Dutch navigator Abel Janszoon Tasman
Latin Pronunciation: tas-MAN-ee-kum

Meaning: Of or from Tasmania (Australia); named in honor of 17th century Dutch navigator Abel Janszoon Tasman
Latin Pronunciation: tas-MAN-ee-kus

Latin Pronunciation: tat-tar-ik-us
Meaning: from old Tar-

Latin Pronunciation: taw-ree-us
Meaning: referring to a bull or ox.

Meaning: Of or from the Tatar Mountains Russia
Latin Pronunciation: tat-TAR-ee-ka

Meaning: Of or from the Crimea
Latin Pronunciation: TAW-ree-kum

Meaning: Of or from the Crimea
Latin Pronunciation: TAW-ree-kus

Meaning: Of or from the Crimea
Latin Pronunciation: TAW-ree-kuh

tautonym

An illegitimate binomial in which the genus and species are the same word, such asAmoracia armoracia, later changed toArmoracia rusticana. See also: basionym, homonym, synonym, autonym.

Latin Pronunciation: taw-rye-nus
Meaning: bull-like.

Meaning: Named for Jos? Tavares de Macedo, 19th Portuguese botanist who collected in Africa
Latin Pronunciation: tav-ar-EEZ-ee-uh

adventive taxa

Organisms that were not native to an area, and have now naturalized.

Latin Pronunciation: tax - if - foh - lee - us
Meaning: Yew (Taxus)-leaved.

Meaning: Having leaves like Taxus (yew)
Latin Pronunciation: taks-ih-FOH-lee-um

taxon (pl. taxa)

A group of genetically similar organisms that are classified together as a species, genus, family, etc.

Meaning: Having leaves like Taxus (yew)
Latin Pronunciation: taks-ih-FOH-lee-uh

taxonomic synonym

Any one of two or more different names based on different plant specimens which were later judged to belong to the same taxon.

taxonomic synonym

Any one of two or more different names based on different plant specimens which were later judged to belong to the same taxon.

Meaning: Named for Taygetos mountains in southern Greece
Latin Pronunciation: tay-GET-ee-uh

taxonomy (adj. taxonomic)

The classification of organisms based on genetic similarities.

Meaning: Named for Taygetos mountains in southern Greece
Latin Pronunciation: tay-GET-ee-us

Meaning: Little cup
Latin Pronunciation: taz-ET-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TAZ-et-tuh

Latin Pronunciation: tek-nik-us
Meaning: specialized.

Meaning: From Tecoma, (genus name Latinized from the vernacular name tecomaxochitl) and anthos (flowers)
Latin Pronunciation: tek-oh-MANTH-ee

Meaning: From the Latin tectum (roof, covering) and Greek phiala (vessel or saucer), referring to flowers which are obscured by overlapping buds
Latin Pronunciation: tek-tif-ee-AH-la
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tek-tif-YAH-la

Meaning: Named for Taygetos mountains in southern Greece
Latin Pronunciation: tay-GET-ee-um

Meaning: From the Latin tectum (roof); referring to the roof-like covering
Latin Pronunciation: tek-TAIR-ee-a

Meaning: Named after Tecophila Colla-Billoti (1800s) a botanical illustrator and artist. Daughter of Italian botanist Luigi Colla
Latin Pronunciation: Tek-o-fy-lee-ah

Latin Pronunciation: tek-tohr-us
Meaning: pertaining to a roof (house).

Meaning: Referring to roof
Latin Pronunciation: tek-TOR-ee
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TEK-tor-ee

Meaning: Referring to roof
Latin Pronunciation: tek-TOR-um
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TEK-tor-um

Latin Pronunciation: tek-tus
Meaning: concealed.

Meaning: Named for Robert Teesdale, 19th century British botanist from Yorkshire
Latin Pronunciation: tees-DAY-lee-a

Meaning: From the Latin, meaning roof, or overlapping like the tiles of a roof
Latin Pronunciation: teg-el-AY-nee-us

Meaning: Named for Samuel Teleki de Szek, 19th century patron of botanist J.C. Baumgarten
Latin Pronunciation: tel-LEK-ee-uh

Meaning: A succulent plant
Latin Pronunciation: te-LE-fee-uh

Meaning: Possibly from the Latin tegmenta, meaning a covering
Latin Pronunciation: teg-men-TOH-sum

Meaning: Resembling Telephium (genus name meaning succulent plant)
Latin Pronunciation: tel-ee-fee-OY-deez

Meaning: A succulent plant
Latin Pronunciation: te-LE-fee-um

Meaning: From the Greek telos (end or point) and pogon (beard), referring to the hairs on the column
Latin Pronunciation: tel-ee-POH-gon

Meaning: From the Greek telopos (seen from afar), referring to the conspicuous flowers
Latin Pronunciation: tell-OH-pee-uh

Meaning: Of marshes
Latin Pronunciation: tel-ma-TAY-ee-uh

temperature summation

The totality of effective temperatures or day-degrees for a specified period of time, especially the time required for an organism to reach maturity, like a summer. See also: aliquote.

Meaning: Of marshes
Latin Pronunciation: tel-ma-TAY-ee-um

Meaning: From the Greek tele (far) and osme (smell), referring to the distance over which the scent carries
Latin Pronunciation: tel-OHS-muh

template organism

The original when genetic engineering is being practiced on a species.

temporal

1. Refers to the sides of the skull behind the eyes, the temples. 2. Refers to time.

Meaning: Drunken
Latin Pronunciation: tem-yoo-LEN-tum

Latin Pronunciation: tern - yew - lent - us
Meaning: unsteady (drunken).

Latin Pronunciation: ten-ass-siss-im-us
Meaning: very strong or tenacious.

Latin Pronunciation: ten-ax
Meaning: strong, tenacious.

Meaning: Drunken
Latin Pronunciation: tem-yoo-LEN-tuh

Meaning: Grows in shade
Latin Pronunciation: ten-ee-BRO-sum

tendril

A clasping, twining, slender outgrowth of the stem that helps support climbing plants.

tender

Describes a plant easily killed by frost.

Latin Pronunciation: ten-eb-roh-sus
Meaning: of dark,

Meaning: Grows in shade
Latin Pronunciation: ten-ee-BRO-suh

Latin Pronunciation: ten-nell-us
Meaning: slender, tender, soft.

Meaning: Small, delicate, tender
Latin Pronunciation: ten-ELL-uh

Meaning: Of or from Tennessee (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: ten-eh-see-EN-sis

Meaning: Delicate, tender
Latin Pronunciation: TEN-er-a

Meaning: Delicate, tender
Latin Pronunciation: TEN-er-um

Meaning: Small, delicate, tender
Latin Pronunciation: ten-ELL-um

Latin Pronunciation: ten-tak-yew-lay-tus
Meaning: with short, projecting parts.

Meaning: Slender, thin
Latin Pronunciation: TEN-yoo-ee

tension

The stress resulting from elongation.

Meaning: Slender stemmed
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ee-KAW-lee

Latin Pronunciation: ten - yew - ik - kaw - liss
Meaning: slender-stemmed.

Meaning: Delicate, tender
Latin Pronunciation: TEN-er

Meaning: Slender flowered
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ee-FLOR-um

Latin Pronunciation: ten-yew-if-ftoh-rus
Meaning: slender-flowered.

Meaning: Slender flowered
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ee-FLOR-uh

Meaning: Thin, slender leaves
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ih-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: Thin, slender leaves
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ih-FOH-lee-um

Latin Pronunciation: ten-yew-if-foh-lee-us
Meaning: slender-leaved.

Meaning: Thin lobes
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ee-LOW-buh

Latin Pronunciation: ten-yew-ee-or
Meaning: rather slender.

Latin Pronunciation: ten-yew-it-/oh-bus
Meaning: slender-lobed.

Latin Pronunciation: ten-yew-iss
Meaning: slender, thin.

Meaning: Thin lobes
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ee-LOW-bum

Meaning: Fine cut
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ee-SEK-tus

Meaning: Fine cut
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ee-SEK-tuh

Meaning: Fine cut
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ee-SEK-tum

Meaning: Slender spines
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ih-SPIN-uh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:ten-yoo-ih-SPY-nuh

Meaning: Slender spines
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ih-SPIN-us
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:ten-yoo-ih-SPY-nus

Meaning: Most slender
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ISS-ee-muh

Meaning: Most slender
Latin Pronunciation: ten-yoo-ISS-ee-mum

Latin Pronunciation: ten-yew-iss-im-us
Meaning: very slender or thin.

Meaning: Of or from Teotitl?n del Valle, Mexico
Latin Pronunciation: te-o-tee-TLAHN-ik-a

tepal

A division of the perianth--a sepal or a petal--of a flower in which the calyx and corolla are almost identical in appearances, as occurs in tulips and lilies. In Orchidaceae, this term refers to any sepal or petal, except the labellum.

Meaning: Ash coloured, referring to grey down on leaves
Latin Pronunciation: tef-ROH-see-uh

Meaning: From the Greek tephros (ash-colored) and cactus
Latin Pronunciation: tef-roh-KAK-tus

Meaning: Of or from Tequila, the district in Tequila (now Jalisco) Mexico which was interned named for the Ticuilas Indians
Latin Pronunciation: te-kee-lee-AH-na

Meaning: Leaves like the Pistacia terebinthus (Turpentine Tree)
Latin Pronunciation: ter-ee-binth-ee-FOH-lee-us

Meaning: Like turpentine
Latin Pronunciation: ter-ee-bin-THIN-uh-see-uh

teratological

Monstrous; relating to a monstrosity.

Meaning: Like turpentine
Latin Pronunciation: ter-ee-bin-THIN-uh-see-us

Latin Pronunciation: teer-eez
Meaning: circular in cross-section, cylindrical (terete).

terete

Having a circular transverse section.

Meaning: Like turpentine
Latin Pronunciation: ter-ee-bin-THIN-uh-see-um

Meaning: Cylindrical leaves
Latin Pronunciation: ter-ee-tee-FOLE-ee-um

Latin Pronunciation: ter-et-if-foh-lee-us
Meaning: with leaves round or roundish in cross- section.

terminal

Apical.

Meaning: Cylindrical leaves
Latin Pronunciation: ter-ee-tee-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: Terminal position
Latin Pronunciation: term-in-AL-ee
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:term-in-AL-ay

Latin Pronunciation: ter-min-nay-liss
Meaning: terminal (at end of stem, as with flowers, or branch).

terminal bud

A bud formed at the tip of a stem, twig, or branchlet.

Meaning: Three each, consisting of threes
Latin Pronunciation: tern-AR-ee-um

Meaning: Three each, consisting of threes
Latin Pronunciation: tern-AR-ee-a

ternate

With three nearly equal divisions.

Meaning: Three each, consisting of threes
Latin Pronunciation: tern-AR-ee-us

Meaning: Set in threes
Latin Pronunciation: ter-NAY-tuh

Meaning: Set in threes
Latin Pronunciation: ter-NAY-tum

Meaning: Name used by Linnaeus, referring to the Moluccan Isalnd of Ternate, where a specimen was collected; it was subsequently named Flos clitoridis Ternatensibus by Breyne in 1678
Latin Pronunciation: tern-AH-tee-uh

Meaning: From the Latin meaning flowers in threes
Latin Pronunciation: ter-ni-FLOR-uh

Latin Pronunciation: ter-nay-tus
Meaning: in threes (ternate).

Meaning: Three-leaved
Latin Pronunciation: tern-ee-FOLE-ee-um

terrace

The entire outdoor paved surface; the term often refers to the patio only.

Meaning: Named for Christopher Ternstroem, 18th century Swedish naturalist
Latin Pronunciation: tern-stroh-EM-ee-uh

Meaning: Of or from Newfoundland
Latin Pronunciation: TER-ray NO-vay

Latin Pronunciation: ter-nif-foh-lee-us
Meaning: with leaves in threes.

terrarium

A small artificial environment for a specified habitat. An aquarium is for a water habitat, usually containing fish and plants. A terrarium generally has a woodland setting, with the emphasis on plants rather than animals.

Meaning: Three-leaved
Latin Pronunciation: tern-ee-FOLE-ee-uh

Meaning: Growing on the ground
Latin Pronunciation: ter-RES-tree

Latin Pronunciation: ter-rest-riss
Meaning: of the earth.

terrestrial

Growing in soil.

terrigenous

Refers to deposits from land sources.

Meaning: Earth-colored
Latin Pronunciation: ter-ree-KOL-or

Meaning: From the South American vernacular name for this tree
Latin Pronunciation: TES-oh-tuh

Meaning: From the Latin meaning a squared or checkered pattern
Latin Pronunciation: tess-el-AY-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TESS-ell-ah-tuh

Meaning: A squared pattern
Latin Pronunciation: tess-ell-AY-tum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TESS-ell-ah-tum

tessellate

Checkered in little squares.

Meaning: A squared pattern
Latin Pronunciation: tess-ell-AY-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TESS-ell-ah-tuh

Latin Pronunciation: tess-el-lay-tus
Meaning: in a pattern of squares (tessellate).

Meaning: Named for G?nther Tessmann, early 20th century German explorer in Peru
Latin Pronunciation: tess-MAHN-ee-a

Meaning: Named for G?nther Tessmann, early 20th century German explorer in Peru
Latin Pronunciation: tess-MAHN-ee-eye

Meaning: Colour of brick
Latin Pronunciation: test-uh-SEE-uh

testa

The outer commonly hard and brittle seed coat.

Latin Pronunciation: tess-tay-see-us
Meaning: light brown, brick-toned; also (testaceous) having a prominent outer seed coat.

Latin Pronunciation: tess-tik-yew-lay-tus
Meaning: with testicle-like parts.

Meaning: Colour of brick
Latin Pronunciation: test-uh-SEE-um

Latin Pronunciation: tess-tew-din-nay-ree-us
Meaning: tortoise- or tortoise shell-like.

Meaning: From the Latin testa, referring to hard shell
Latin Pronunciation: tes-TOO-do

Meaning: Stiff, firm
Latin Pronunciation: tes-TOH-suh

Meaning: Prefix meaning four
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra

Latin Pronunciation: tet-rak-kanth-us
Meaning: quadruple-thorned.

Meaning: Four spines
Latin Pronunciation: tet-rah-KANTH-uh

Meaning: Four rays
Latin Pronunciation: te-TRAK-tee-num

tetradynamous

Having four long and two shorter stamens.

Meaning: Four-angled
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-GON-uh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tet-ra-GO-nuh

tetragonal

Four- angled.

tetrad

A group of four.

Meaning: Four-angled lobes
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-gon-uh-LOW-bum

Meaning: Four-angled
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-GON-um
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tet-ra-GO-num

Meaning: Four-angled lobes
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-gon-uh-LOW-buh

Latin Pronunciation: tet-rag-on-noh-lob-us
Meaning: with a four-angled pod.

Latin Pronunciation: tet-rag-on-us
Meaning: four-angled.

Meaning: Ancient Greek name, applied to a heath having leaves in fours
Latin Pronunciation: tet-TRAY-liks

Meaning: Having flower parts in sets of four
Latin Pronunciation: te-trah-ME-rum

Meaning: Four-parted
Latin Pronunciation: TET-ra-hit

tetramerous

Having flower parts ( petals, sepals, stamens) in groups of four.

Meaning: Four anthers
Latin Pronunciation: tet-RAN-drum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TET-ran-drum

Meaning: Having flower parts in sets of four
Latin Pronunciation: te-trah-ME-ruh

Meaning: Four anthers
Latin Pronunciation: tet-RAN-druh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TET-ran-druh

Latin Pronunciation: tet-ranth-us
Meaning: four-flowered.

Meaning: Four anthers
Latin Pronunciation: tet-RAN-drus
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TET-ran-drus

Meaning: Four petals
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-PET-uh-luh

Meaning: From the Greek tetra (four) and panax (genus name meaning cure-all); referring to the flowers being in fours and its resemblance to Panax
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ruh-PAN-aks

Meaning: Four petals
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-PET-uh-lus

Latin Pronunciation: tet - raf - fill - us
Meaning: four- leaved.

tetraploid

Having twice the normal number of chromosomes.

Meaning: Four-leaved
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ruh-FIL-uh

Meaning: Four petals
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-PET-al-lum

Meaning: Four-leaved
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ruh-FIL-um

Meaning: Four-winged
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-TER-uh

Meaning: Four nerves
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ruh-NYUR-iss

tetrapterous

With four wings.

Meaning: Four-cornered
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-KWET-rum

Latin Pronunciation: tet - rap - ter -us
Meaning: four- winged.

Meaning: Four-winged
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-TER-um

Meaning: Four-cornered
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-KWET-ra

Meaning: Four-seeded
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-SPERM-um

Meaning: From the Greek tetra (four) and arrhen (male), referring to the four anthers
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-REN-uh

Latin Pronunciation: tet-rak-kwet-rus
Meaning: four-cornered.

Meaning: Four-seeded
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-SPERM-a

Meaning: Four-seeded
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ra-SPERM-us

tetrasporangium

The sporangium (meiotangium) containing four spores.

tetraspore

One of the four spores in a tetrasporangium.

Meaning: From the Greek tetra (four), referring to the four-lobed stigma
Latin Pronunciation: tet-ruh-STIG-muh

Meaning: Resembles Teucrium (genus named for a Trojan king who used the plant as a medicine; or possibly for Dr. Teucer, a botanist and physician)
Latin Pronunciation: tew-KROY-deez

Meaning: Of or from Texas (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: tek-SAY-num

Latin Pronunciation: tex-ay-nus
Meaning: from Texas.

Meaning: Of or from Texas (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: teks-EN-see

Meaning: Of or from Texas (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: teck-SEN-sis

Meaning: Of or from Texas (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: tek-SAY-nuh

Meaning: Weaving, textiles, cloth
Latin Pronunciation: teks-TIL-ee
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:teks-TIL-ay

Meaning: Of weavers
Latin Pronunciation: TEKS-tor-ee
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TEKS-tor-EYE

Latin Pronunciation: tex-til-iss
Meaning: used in weaving.

Meaning: Of or from Thailand (Asia)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-LAN-dih-kuh

Meaning: Of or from Thailand (Asia)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-LAN-dih-kuh

Meaning: Of or from Thailand (Asia)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-LAN-dih-kuh

thallus (pl. thalli)

In cryptogams, a cellular expansion taking the place of stem and foliage and forming the main body fungi and lichens.

Meaning: Resembles Thalictrum (Meadowrue)
Latin Pronunciation: thal-ik-TROY-deez

thalloid (syn. thallose)

Resembles a thallus.

Thallophyta

A primary taxonomic division of organisms which are plant-like, but not true plants, including all one- celled and cell aggregates which do not clearly show root, stem, and leaf; includes algae, fungi, and lichens.

thallophyte

1. Any plant or plant-like organism belonging to the division Thallophyta with single- celled sex organs or with many-celled sex organs of which all cells give rise to gametes, including the algae, fungi, and lichens 2.A plant that absorbs its food supply over its growing surface, as a seaweed or fungus mycelium.

Meaning: Shrub, bush
Latin Pronunciation: THAM-nus

Meaning: Greek for thamnos (shrub) and osma (smells), referring to the plant's strong odor
Latin Pronunciation: THAM-nos-muh

thallus (pl. thalli)

In cryptogams, a cellular expansion taking the place of stem and foliage and forming the main body fungi and lichens.

Meaning: Of or from Sicily
Latin Pronunciation: THAP-sus

Meaning: Named for Benjamin Tharp, 20th century American professor of Botany at the University of Texas
Latin Pronunciation: THARP-ee-a

Meaning: Of or from Sicily
Latin Pronunciation: THAP-see

Meaning: Named for Benjamin Tharp, 20th century American professor of Botany at the University of Texas
Latin Pronunciation: THARP-ee-eye

thatch

A layer of dead grass that does not decay into soil.

Meaning: From the Greek thaumato (wondrous thing or miracle) and kokkos (berry)
Latin Pronunciation: thaw-ma-to-KOK-us

Meaning: The Thea (tea) family
Latin Pronunciation: tee-AY-see-ay

Latin Pronunciation: tee-iff-er-us
Meaning: tea-bearing or Tea-like.

Meaning: From Greek: thelion (nipple) and nema (thread) in reference to the papillae covering the staminal filaments
Latin Pronunciation: thel-ee-oh-NEE-muh

theca

A case, usually referring to the pollen sac in flowering plants or the capsule in bryophytes.

Meaning: From the Greek theles (nipple) and gonos (angle
Latin Pronunciation: thel-e-GON-a

Meaning: From the Greek theles (nipple) and gonos (angle
Latin Pronunciation: thel-e-GON-us

Meaning: Of or from Thebes (now Luxor), Egypt
Latin Pronunciation: the-BAY-kuh

Meaning: From the Greek thelys (female) and mitra (a headdress), referring to the ornate winged column
Latin Pronunciation: thel-LIM-ih-tra

Meaning: From the Greek thely (female) and chiton (covered). Two species of this genus on Norfolk Island have the female surface concealed by the anther tube, making the flowers cleistogamous
Latin Pronunciation: thel-LY-kit-on
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:thel-ih-KY-ton

Meaning: Resembles Thelypodium (genus name meaning female foot)
Latin Pronunciation: thel-ee-pod-ee-OP-sis

Meaning: Food of the gods
Latin Pronunciation: thee-OH-broh-muh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:thee-oh-BROH-muh

Meaning: Female fern
Latin Pronunciation: the-LIP-ter-is

Meaning: From the Arabic thaemed, referring to a depression in which water lies after rain and dries in summer
Latin Pronunciation: TEM-e-da

Meaning: From the Greek thely (female) and podus (foot)
Latin Pronunciation: thel-ee-POH-dee-um

Meaning: Found growing by warm springs
Latin Pronunciation: ther-MAH-lee
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:THER-mah-lee

thermal stratification

The successive horizontal layers of a body of water having different temperatures, each layer more or less sharply different from the adjoining ones, with the warmest at the top. See also: thermocline, epilimnion, turnover.

Meaning: Named for Theophrastos, 3rd century Greek philosopher and botanist
Latin Pronunciation: thee-oh-FRAS-tee

Latin Pronunciation: therm-may-liss
Meaning: of warm places.

thermocline

In bodies of water, there are normally stratified layers of decreasing temperature with increased depth. Thermocline is the layer where the temperature starts to decrease rapidly, about one degree centigrade or more with each meter (3 feet) of depth. See also: epilimnion, thermal stratification.

Meaning: Of or from the Tien Shan Central Asia mountain range
Latin Pronunciation: thee-an-SHAN-ee-kuh

Meaning: Resembling Thevetia (genus named for Andre Thevet, 16th century French monk and plant collector)
Latin Pronunciation: thev-vet-ee-OY-deez

thermophotoperiodic

Describes growth affected by both temperature and exposure to light.

Meaning: Of or from the Tien Shan Central Asia mountain range
Latin Pronunciation: thee-an-SHAN-ee-kum

Meaning: Variant spelling of tibetica, meaning of or from Tibet
Latin Pronunciation: ti-BET-ee-ka

Meaning: Of or from the Tien Shan Central Asia mountain range
Latin Pronunciation: thee-an-SHAN-ee-kus

Meaning: Variant spelling of tibetica, meaning of or from Tibet
Latin Pronunciation: ti-BET-ee-kum

Latin Pronunciation: tib-bet-ik-us
Meaning: from or of Tibet.

thinning out

1. The removing of all interior branches of a shrub or tree to allow better air circulation. 2. The removing of excess seedlings to allow stronger growth of the remaining ones.

Meaning: Of or from St. Thomas, one of the U.S. Virgin Islands
Latin Pronunciation: to-mas-ee-AH-na

thigmotropism

A tropism in which contact especially with a solid or a rigid surface is the orienting factor.

Meaning: Of or from St. Thomas, one of the U.S. Virgin Islands
Latin Pronunciation: to-mas-ee-AH-nus

Meaning: From the Greek thladias (eunuch) and anthos (flower), referring to the suppressed stamens suggesting they had been neutered
Latin Pronunciation: thlad-eye-AN-tha

Meaning: Of or from St. Thomas, one of the U.S. Virgin Islands
Latin Pronunciation: to-mas-ee-AH-num

Meaning: Named for Major George Henry Thomas, a U.S. Civil War veteran
Latin Pronunciation: to-MAS-ee-eye

Meaning: Named for the wife of Rev. W. C. Thomson
Latin Pronunciation: tom-SON-ee-ay

Meaning: Named for Dr. Thomas Thomson, 19th century Scottish naturalist and superintendant of Calcutta Botanic Garden
Latin Pronunciation: tom-SON-ee-eye

thorn

A stout, sharp, woody outgrowth of the stem or branch.

Meaning: Named for Peter Thonning, 19th century Danish botanist and physician on the Gold Coast (present day Ghana)
Latin Pronunciation: thon-ING-ee-eye

Meaning: Named for Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars, 19th century French botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tho-AR-see-eye

Meaning: Named for Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars, 19th century French botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tho-ar-see-AY-nuh

Meaning: Of or from Thrace (region in northeast Greece)
Latin Pronunciation: THRAK-ee-kus

filiform (syn. thread-like)

Thread-shaped; long, slender, and terete.

thrice-compound

Divided into leaflets that in turn are divided into leaflets, and then further divided into subleaflets.

Meaning: From the Greek, meaning coy and prudish; the reason is obscure, possibly referring to its diminutive stature
Latin Pronunciation: THRIP-to-mee-nee

throat

The orifice of a gamopetalous corolla or calyx; the part between the proper tube and the limb.

thrips

Very small, thin insects that feed on sap and cause damage to foliage and flowers.

Meaning: Like Thuja (Greek name for juniper or trees with aromatic wood)
Latin Pronunciation: thoo-YOP-sis

Meaning: Like Thuja, genus name from the Greek for juniper or trees with aromatic wood
Latin Pronunciation: thoo-ID-ee-um

Meaning: Named for Dr. George Thurber, 19th century botanist and quartermaster of the United States Mexican Boundary Commission
Latin Pronunciation: THUR-ber-ee

Meaning: Incense-bearing
Latin Pronunciation: THU-rif-er

Meaning: Named for Carl Peter Thunberg, 19th century Swedish botanist
Latin Pronunciation: thun-BERG-ee-eye

Meaning: Named for Gustav Adolphe Thuret, 19th century French botanist
Latin Pronunciation: thur-RET-ee-eye

Meaning: Incense-bearing
Latin Pronunciation: thu-RIF-er-uh

Meaning: Incense-bearing
Latin Pronunciation: thu-RIF-er-um

Meaning: Of the Thuringia region of Germany
Latin Pronunciation: thur-in-jee-AH-kuh

thylakoid

Any of the membranous disks of lamellae within plant chloroplasts that make up the grana and are the sites of the photochemical reactions of photosynthesis.

Meaning: Ancient Greek name for Daphne
Latin Pronunciation: ty-MEL-ay-uh

Meaning: Resembling Thymelaea (ancient Greek name for Daphne)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-mel-ay-OY-deez

Latin Pronunciation: thew-yoy-deez
Meaning: Arborvitae (Thuja)-like.

Meaning: Having leaves like Thymus (genus name from the Greek word for smoke, fumigate)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-mih-FOH-lee-us

Meaning: Having leaves like Thymus (genus name from the Greek word for smoke, fumigate)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-mih-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: Having leaves like Thymus (genus name from the Greek word for smoke, fumigate)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-mih-FOH-lee-um

Meaning: From the Greek thymon (Thyme) and phylla (leaves), referring to the leaves' resemblance to those of Thyme
Latin Pronunciation: ty-mo-FIL-uh

thyrse

A contracted cylindrical or ovoid and usually compact panicle. See also: thyrsiform, thyrsoid.

Meaning: Flowers arranged in a thyrse (a flower cluster with a central spike that has side branches also clustered with flowers)
Latin Pronunciation: thur-SEE-flor-uh

Latin Pronunciation: thir-sif-fioh-rus
Meaning: with flowers borne in a thyrse (a form of dense flower cluster).

Meaning: Flowers arranged in a thyrse (a flower cluster with a central spike that has side branches also clustered with flowers)
Latin Pronunciation: thur-SEE-flor-um

thyrsiform

Similar to a thyrse. See also: thyrsoid.

Meaning: Staff-like (in Greek mythology, thursos was a rod or wand tipped with a pine cone)
Latin Pronunciation: thurs-OY-dee-a

thyrsoid

Resembling a thyrse. See also: thyrsiform.

Latin Pronunciation: thir-soy-deez
Meaning: like a thyrse (form of dense flower cluster).

Meaning: Citrus-like
Latin Pronunciation: thy-OY-deez

Meaning: Staff-like (in Greek mythology, thursos was a rod or wand tipped with a pine cone)
Latin Pronunciation: thurs-OY-dee-um

thyrsus

The main stem of an inflorescence, indeterminate and paniculate or racemose, but with side branches which are determinate and cymose or dichasially compound.

Meaning: Staff-like (in Greek mythology, thursos was a rod or wand tipped with a pine cone)
Latin Pronunciation: thurs-OY-dee-us

Meaning: From the Greek thysanos (fringe) and chlaina (cloak)
Latin Pronunciation: thy-san-oh-LAY-na

Meaning: From the Greek thysanotos (fringed); referring to the three fringed inner segments
Latin Pronunciation: ty-san-NO-tus

Meaning: From the Greek thysanotos (fringed) and karpos (fruit)
Latin Pronunciation: thy-san-oh-KAR-pus

Meaning: Resembles Tiarella (genus name meaning little crown or tiara, referring to the shape of the fruit)
Latin Pronunciation: tee-uh-rell-OY-deez

Meaning: Referring to Tibet
Latin Pronunciation: ti-bet-AH-nus

Meaning: Referring to Tibet
Latin Pronunciation: ti-bet-AH-num

Meaning: Of or from Tibet; also spelled thibeticum
Latin Pronunciation: ti-BET-ee-kum

Meaning: Of or from Tibet; also spelled thibetica
Latin Pronunciation: ti-BET-ee-ka

tidal pool

A small pool of water which at low tide is isolated from a larger body of water; a habitat created by such a pool and the plants and animals found there.

Meaning: Referring to Tibet
Latin Pronunciation: ti-bet-AH-na

Latin Pronunciation: tib-bet-ik-us
Meaning: from Tibet.

tier

A radial, layered branching habit of excurrent trees.

tif

A commercial name for a series of hybridized Bermuda grasses which survive daily cutting, are often used on golf greens, but are far too much work for the home yard.

Meaning: Having small trunks
Latin Pronunciation: tij-il-LAY-ree-um

Latin Pronunciation: tig-rye-nus
Meaning: tiger-striped or-colored.

Meaning: Like a Tiger
Latin Pronunciation: tig-REE-num

Meaning: Linden-like, referring to the similarity in the leaves, compared to the Linden (Tilia) genus
Latin Pronunciation: til-ee-AH-see-uh

Meaning: Linden-like, referring to the similarity in the leaves, compared to the Linden (Tilia) genus
Latin Pronunciation: til-ee-AH-see-us

Meaning: Having leaves like the Linden (Tilia) tree
Latin Pronunciation: til-ee-eye-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: Having leaves like the Linden (Tilia) tree
Latin Pronunciation: til-ee-eye-FOH-lee-um

Meaning: Having leaves like the Linden (Tilia) tree
Latin Pronunciation: til-ee-eye-FOH-lee-us

Meaning: Named for Michael Angelo Tilli, 18th century Italian botanist
Latin Pronunciation: TIL-lay-uh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TIL-lee-uh

till

Mixed deposits of gravel, boulders, sand, and other materials that were carried by a glacier.

tiling

The installation of permeable pipes buried below the surface of a field to improve drainage.

Meaning: Similar to Tillandsia, a Bromeliaceae
Latin Pronunciation: til-land-see-OY-deez

timber

Standing trees, felled trees, or seasoned logs. See also: lumber, pulpwood.

Meaning: Like a Tiger
Latin Pronunciation: tig-REE-nuh

tilth (syn. tillage)

1. Cultivated land. 2. The physical condition of soil and its suitability for planting.

timber cruiser

1. A person hired by a wood products company, or a government employee, who locates standing crops of timber and estimate their yield of lumber.

timber cruising (timber cruiser)

The process of surveying forest land with the objective of predicting how many board feet of lumber the plot will yield.

Latin Pronunciation: tink-toh-ree-us
Meaning: notably colored (suggesting dyes).

Meaning: Coloured
Latin Pronunciation: TINK-tuh

Meaning: Indicates a plant used in dyeing or has a sap which can stain
Latin Pronunciation: tink-TOR-ee-uh

Meaning: Named for Francois Tinant, 19th century forester and author in Luxemburg
Latin Pronunciation: ty-NAN-tee-uh

Latin Pronunciation: tink - tus
Meaning: notably colored, colorful.

tincture

An herbal preparation made by soaking plant parts in alcohol.

Meaning: Indicates a plant used in dyeing or has a sap which can stain
Latin Pronunciation: tink-TOR-ee-um

Meaning: Of or from Tangier
Latin Pronunciation: ting-ee-TAN-us

Meaning: Of or from Tangier
Latin Pronunciation: ting-ee-TAN-uh

Meaning: Named in honor of the Tinne family, 19th century patrons of botany, in commemoration of an expedition of the Nile
Latin Pronunciation: TIN-ee-uh

Meaning: Coloured
Latin Pronunciation: TINK-tum

Meaning: Of or from Tangier
Latin Pronunciation: ting-ee-TAN-um

Meaning: From the Latin name of this Vibernum
Latin Pronunciation: TIN-us
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TEEN-us

tip layering

A propagative method similar to air layering, except a flexible branch such as blackberry,Rubus, is bent to the ground and buried in moist soil or a mixture of peat moss and sand, instead of being wrapped on the upright stem.

Latin Pronunciation: tip - yew - lif - form - iss
Meaning: shaped like a daddy-long-legs.

tip

The apex.

Meaning: The Latinized name for the South American indian tribe and nearby mountain, Ticuilas, where the Agave plant was discovered
Latin Pronunciation: teh-KEE-luh

Meaning: Resembles Tithymalus (the ancient name used by Pliny the Elder to describe a Euphorbia)
Latin Pronunciation: tith-ee-mal-OY-deez

Meaning: Derivation is obscure
Latin Pronunciation: tee-roo-KAL-ee

tissue culture

The growth of small pieces of plant tissue (usually the meristem) under sterile conditions in artificial media.

Meaning: Ancient name used by Pliny the Elder to describe a Euphorbia
Latin Pronunciation: tith-ee-MAL-us
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tith-THY-mal-us

Meaning: From the native Japanese name for the plant
Latin Pronunciation: TOH-bir-uh

Meaning: From the Greek tmesis (cutting) and pteris (fern), alluding to the forked appendages on fertile fronds
Latin Pronunciation: tme-sih-TARE-is

Meaning: Of or from Tocopilla, Chile
Latin Pronunciation: to-ko-pil-AH-na

tolerance (syn. limits of tolerance)

The capability of an organism to survive under a given set of conditions. See also: ecological amplitude, maximum, minimum, preferendum.

tolerant carriers

Plants which carry disease but are not themselves harmed by the disease.

Meaning: Named for Heinrich Julius Tode, 18th century German botanist
Latin Pronunciation: TOH-duh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TOH-dee-uh

Meaning: Of or from Tokyo, the modern Japanese capital city, whose name means "east of capital" (the former capital to the west of Tokyo was Kyoto)
Latin Pronunciation: tok-yo-EN-sis
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:toke-ee-oh-EN-sis

Meaning: Named for Thomas Tofield, 18th century English botanist
Latin Pronunciation: toh-FEELD-ee-uh

Meaning: Name was coined by Adanson, but no derivation was given
Latin Pronunciation: TOL-pis
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TOLP-iss

tomato hornworm

The larva of the hawkmoth,Manduca quinquemaculata, which feeds on plants of the nightshade family, especially tomatoes.

Meaning: Linden-like, referring to the similarity in the leaves, compared to the Linden (Tilia) genus
Latin Pronunciation: til-ee-AH-see-um

Meaning: Named for Ruggero Tomaselli, 20th century director of the Botanical Garden of Pavia
Latin Pronunciation: toh-mah-SEL-lee-eye

Meaning: Tomentous; covered with short dense hairs
Latin Pronunciation: toh-men-TELL-a

Meaning: Tomentous; covered with short dense hairs
Latin Pronunciation: toh-men-TELL-um

Meaning: Tomentous; covered with short dense hairs
Latin Pronunciation: toh-men-TELL-us

Meaning: Very soft, fine hairs
Latin Pronunciation: toh-men-toh-SISS-ih-muh

Meaning: Covered with fine, matted hairs
Latin Pronunciation: toh-men-TOH-suh

tomentose

Covered with a thick felt of radicles; densely pubescent with matted wool.

Meaning: Covered with fine, matted hairs
Latin Pronunciation: toh-men-TOH-sum

Latin Pronunciation: toh-men-toh-sus
Meaning: densely covered with matted hairs.

tomentum

Closely- matted woolly hairs.

Meaning: Named for Muzio G. Spirito de Tommasini, 19th century botanist and mayor of Trieste, Italy
Latin Pronunciation: toh-mah-see-nee-AH-na

Meaning: Named for Muzio G. Spirito de Tommasini, 19th century botanist and mayor of Trieste, Italy
Latin Pronunciation: toh-mah-SEE-nee-eye

Meaning: Named for Muzio G. Spirito de Tommasini, 19th century botanist and mayor of Trieste, Italy
Latin Pronunciation: toh-mah-see-nee-AH-num

tomentulose

Rather tomentose.

Meaning: Named for Muzio G. Spirito de Tommasini, 19th century botanist and mayor of Trieste, Italy
Latin Pronunciation: toh-mas-see-nee-AH-nus

Meaning: Of or from Tonga, a country comprised of 150 islands in the South Pacific
Latin Pronunciation: ton-gol-EN-sis

tonoplast

A semipermeable membrane surrounding a plant cell vacuole.

tonics

Herbal medicines that can sharpen the appetite and promote strength.

Meaning: Of or from Tonga, a country comprised of 150 islands in the South Pacific
Latin Pronunciation: ton-gol-EN-see

Meaning: Shaved, smooth
Latin Pronunciation: TON-suh

Meaning: Shaved, smooth
Latin Pronunciation: TON-sum

tonsure

The shaping of evergreens by clipping.

Meaning: Shaved, smooth
Latin Pronunciation: TON-sus

topiary

The art of trimming or training plants into decorative three-dimensional shapes.

tooth

1. The processes comprising the fringe around a peristome. 2. The smallest division of a frond.

toothed

Having the margin shallowly divided into small, tooth-like segments.

topsoil (alt. top soil)

The upper layer of soil, usually richer than that below it.

topography

The configuration of a surface including its relief and the position of its natural and man-made features.

topotype

A specimen collected later from the original type locality, or from the area from which the type was described. See also: holotype, lectotype, neotype, isotype, nomenclatural type, syntype.

Meaning: Named for David LeRoy Topping, early 20th century amateur fern collector and naturalist in Hawaii
Latin Pronunciation: top-PING-ee-eye

top water

To pour water into the top of a houseplant or other container; this may be merely enough to replenish moisture, or may be in copious quantities to dissolve and carry out salt buildup on the top of the soil.

Meaning: Adanson gave the plant this name in 1763, the meaning is obscure
Latin Pronunciation: TOR-il-iss
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tor-RIL-iss

Meaning: Referring to the plant's effectiveness against colic
Latin Pronunciation: tor-min-AH-lee

Meaning: Referring to the plant's effectiveness against colic
Latin Pronunciation: tor-min-AH-liss

top variety

The variety bud- grafted to the understock, and thus the variety that flowers.

Latin Pronunciation: tor-roh-sus
Meaning: unevenly cylindrical (torose).

torose

Cylindrical with contractions at intervals.

Meaning: With a collar
Latin Pronunciation: tor-KWAT-um

Meaning: With a collar
Latin Pronunciation: tor-KWAT-uh

Meaning: With a collar
Latin Pronunciation: tor-KWAT-us

torrent

A violent stream, a flood.

Meaning: Named for Dr. John Torrey, 19th century chemistry professor, American botanist and co-author (with Asa Gray) of The Flora of North America
Latin Pronunciation: tor-ree-AY-nuh

Meaning: Named for Dr. John Torrey, 19th century chemistry professor, American botanist and co-author (with Asa Gray) of The Flora of North America
Latin Pronunciation: tor-ree-AY-num

Meaning: Named for Dr. John Torrey, 19th century chemistry professor, American botanist and co-author (with Asa Gray) of The Flora of North America
Latin Pronunciation: tor-ree-AY-nus

Latin Pronunciation: tort-il-iss
Meaning: twisted.

Meaning: Twisted leaves
Latin Pronunciation: tor-tee-FOH-lee-uh

Meaning: Twisted leaves
Latin Pronunciation: tor-tee-FOH-lee-um

Meaning: Twisted leaves
Latin Pronunciation: tor-tee-FOH-lee-us

Meaning: Twisted branch
Latin Pronunciation: tor-TIR-am-uh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tort-ih-RAM-uh

Meaning: Twisted
Latin Pronunciation: tor-tew-OH-suh

Latin Pronunciation: tor-tew-oh-sus
Meaning: twisting or zigzag (tortuose).

tortuous

Bent or twisted in different directions.

Meaning: Twisted
Latin Pronunciation: tor-tew-OH-sum

Latin Pronunciation: tort-us
Meaning: twisted.

torulose

Diminutive of torose.

Latin Pronunciation: tor-oo-loh-sus
Meaning: somewhat twisted.

torus

The receptacle of a flower.

Meaning: Cyclindrical, and marked with swellings
Latin Pronunciation: tor-oo-LOH-suh

Meaning: Savage
Latin Pronunciation: TOR-va

Meaning: crooked, sinuous
Latin Pronunciation: TOR-tum

Meaning: Cyclindrical, and marked with swellings
Latin Pronunciation: tor-oo-LOH-sum

Meaning: The Maori vernacular name for this tree
Latin Pronunciation: toh-TAR-uh

totipotential cells

A cell capable of regenerating an entire organism.

Meaning: Named for James William Toumey, early 19th century American forester and botanist
Latin Pronunciation: TOO-mee-eye

totipotency (n. totipotence)

The ability to generate or regenerate a whole organism from a single cell.

Meaning: Savage
Latin Pronunciation: TOR-vum

Meaning: Named for James William Toumey, early 19th century American forester and botanist
Latin Pronunciation: too-mee-AY-na

Meaning: Named for Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, 18th century French botanist who was professor of botany at the Jardin des Plantes
Latin Pronunciation: toor-ne-FOR-tee-eye

Meaning: Named for Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, 18th century French botanist who was professor of botany at the Jardin des Plantes
Latin Pronunciation: toor-ne-for-tee-AH-num

Meaning: Named for Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, 18th century French botanist who was professor of botany at the Jardin des Plantes
Latin Pronunciation: toor-ne-FOR-tee-a

Meaning: Named for James William Toumey, early 19th century American forester and botanist
Latin Pronunciation: TOO-mee-a

Meaning: Named for Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, 18th century French botanist who was professor of botany at the Jardin des Plantes
Latin Pronunciation: toor-ne-for-tee-AH-na

Meaning: Poisonous
Latin Pronunciation: toks-ih-KAY-ree-um

Latin Pronunciation: tox-ik-kay-ree-us
Meaning: poisonous.

toxicology

The study of poisons.

Meaning: Poison tree
Latin Pronunciation: toks-ee-ko-DEN-dron

Latin Pronunciation: tox-iff-er-us
Meaning: poison-producing.

Meaning: Bearing poison
Latin Pronunciation: toks-IF-er-um

Latin Pronunciation: tox-ik-us
Meaning: poisonous.

toxicosis

A condition resulting from poisoning.

toxigenic

Producing poison.

trabeculate

Describes peristome teeth with prominent transverse bars.

Meaning: Poison-lip
Latin Pronunciation: toks-oh-KY-luh

Meaning: Named for Louis Charles Trabut, early 20th century French physician and botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tra-bew-tee-AH-na

Meaning: Named for Louis Charles Trabut, early 20th century French physician and botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tra-bew-tee-AH-num

Meaning: Named for Louis Charles Trabut, early 20th century French physician and botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tra-bew-tee-AH-nus

Meaning: Named for Louis Charles Trabut, early 20th century French physician and botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tra-BEW-tee-eye

toxin (adj. toxic)

A poisonous substance.

tracheid

A lignified water-conducting cell.

trace elements

Tiny quantities of chemical elements.

Meaning: Neck-like
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ELL-ee-us

Meaning: Rough seed
Latin Pronunciation: tray-key-low-SPER-mus

Meaning: Rough seed
Latin Pronunciation: tray-key-low-SPER-muh

Meaning: Rough fruit
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-KAR-puh

Meaning: Rough fruit
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-KAR-pum

Tracheophyta

A major taxonomic division of plants containing green plants with tubular food and water transport systems: Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta, commonly called vascular plants.

Meaning: Neck-like
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ELL-ee-uh

Meaning: Rough leaved
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-FIL-um

Meaning: Rough leaved
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-FIL-us

Meaning: From the Greek trachus (rough) and pogon (beard)
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-POH-gon

Latin Pronunciation: trak - ip - ploor - us
Meaning: rough-ribbed or -veined.

Meaning: Rough seeded
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-SPER-mum

Meaning: Rough seeded
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-SPER-mus

Meaning: From the Greek trachys (rough) and stemon (stamen)
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-STEE-mon
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:trak-ee-STEM-on

Meaning: Rough seeded
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-SPER-muh

Meaning: Named for Samuel Mills Tracy, 19th century American botany professor who specialized in grasses of the Coastal south
Latin Pronunciation: TRAY-see-eye

Meaning: Of or from Tradouw, South Africa
Latin Pronunciation: trad-ou-WEN-see

Meaning: The Latinized name of Hieronymus Bock, 15th century German herbalist
Latin Pronunciation: TRAY-gee-uh

Meaning: Having leaves like Tragia (genus name honoring 15th century herbalist Hieronymus Bock)
Latin Pronunciation: trag-ee-ih-FOH-lee-a

Meaning: Of or from Tradouw, South Africa
Latin Pronunciation: trad-ou-WEN-sis

Meaning: Rough leaved
Latin Pronunciation: trak-ee-FIL-uh

Meaning: From the Greek tragos (goat, or hairy part of the ear)
Latin Pronunciation: TRAY-gus

trailing

Lying prostrate on the surface or on other vegetation.

Meaning: Goat-leaf
Latin Pronunciation: tra-go-FIL-uh

Meaning: From over (across) Caucasus, North Turkey
Latin Pronunciation: trans-kaw-KAS-ee-kuh

Meaning: From over (across) Caucasus, North Turkey
Latin Pronunciation: trans-kaw-KAS-ee-kum

Meaning: From over (across) Caucasus, North Turkey
Latin Pronunciation: trans-kaw-KAS-ee-kus

transgressive beach

A new beach formed during a period of high water, destroying an old beach and making a new barrier further inland.

transit

A surveyor's instrument for determining position and elevation. See also: alidade.

translucent

Thin enough to transmit light, but not a concrete image.

Latin Pronunciation: trans-pay-renz
Meaning: transparent.

transparent

Thin enough to transmit an image.

transpiration

The passage of water through a land plant and usually out the pores of its leaves.

Meaning: Variant of transylvanica, meaning of or from Transylvania (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: trans-il-VAN-ik-uh

Meaning: From over (across) Mount Morrison, Taiwan
Latin Pronunciation: trans-mor-riss-on-EN-sis

Meaning: Of or from the province of Transvaal, South Africa
Latin Pronunciation: trans-vawl-EN-see

Meaning: Variant of transylvanica, meaning of or from Transylvania (US)
Latin Pronunciation: trans-il-VAN-ik-uh

transplant

To move a plant from one place to another.

Meaning: Of or from the province of Transvaal, South Africa; sometimes spelled transvalensis
Latin Pronunciation: trans-vawl-EN-sis

Meaning: Variant spelling of transvaalensis, meaning of or from the province of Transvaal, South Africa
Latin Pronunciation: trans-vawl-EN-sis

transverse

Cross-wise in position.

Meaning: Transverse veins, referring to the fine network of veins between the main parallel veins
Latin Pronunciation: trans-ven-OH-sus

Meaning: Of or from Transylvania (U.S.); sometimes spelled transsylvanica
Latin Pronunciation: trans-il-VAN-ik-uh

trapeziform

Having the outline of a trapezoid, with four unequal sides, none of them parallel.

Latin Pronunciation: trap - ee - zee - oy - deez
Meaning:

Latin Pronunciation: trap-ee-zif-form-iss
Meaning: with four unequal sides.

Meaning: Named for E.R. von Trautvetter, 19th century Russian botanist
Latin Pronunciation: trawt-vet-ER-ee-uh

Meaning: Named for Dr. Hamilton P. Traub, 20th century hybridizer
Latin Pronunciation: TRAUB-ee-eye

treads

The flat surfaces of stair steps.

Meaning: Named for Mary Lua Adelia Davis Treat, early 20th century American botanist and scientist
Latin Pronunciation: TREET-ee-ay

Meaning: Named for Auguste Adolphe Lucien Trecul, 19th century French botanist; also spelled treculiana
Latin Pronunciation: tre-kul-ee-AY-na

Meaning: Named for Auguste Adolphe Lucien Trecul, 19th century French botanist; also spelled treculeana
Latin Pronunciation: tre-kul-ee-AY-na

Meaning: Named for either William Thomas Lock Travers or his son, Henry Travers, early explorers of the Nelson and West Coast districts in New Zealand
Latin Pronunciation: trav-ERZ-ee-eye

Meaning: Named for Auguste Adolphe Lucien Trecul, 19th century French botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tre-kul-ee-AY-nus

tree

A woody, self-supporting perennial plant usually with a single main stem and generally growing more than 20 feet tall.

tree anchor

Cable and peg supports fastened to a ring around a tree, to stabilize it.

tree guard (alt. tree wrap)

An orchard or forest nursery product of strips of various materials that circle the trunks of young trees, protecting them from rodents and mechanical damage.

Meaning: Named for Auguste Adolphe Lucien Trecul, 19th century French botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tre-KUL-ee-a

tree wrapping

The application of various materials to the trunks of trees to attempt to protect against damage by rabbits, children, wind, sunshine, etc.

tree stakes

Wooden supports used to stabilize new plantings.

tree line (alt. tree limit, timberline)

The height above which trees can no longer survive on a mountainside, or the northern or southern limit beyond which only stunted forms appear on a continent toward a pole.

trehalose

A crystalline disaccharide stored by many fungi instead of starch.

Meaning: Named for William Trelease, 20th century botanist and taxonomist, professor of the Shaw school of Botany
Latin Pronunciation: tre-LEE-see-eye

trellis

A frame of latticework used as a screen or as a support for climbing plants.

Latin Pronunciation: trem-yew-loy-deez
Meaning: resembling the Quaking Aspen.

Meaning: Trembling, shaking
Latin Pronunciation: TREM-yoo-lum

Latin Pronunciation: trem-yew-lus
Meaning: quivering,trembling.

Meaning: named for Enrichetta Treves de Bonfili, of Padua, 19th century patron of botanical research
Latin Pronunciation: tre-VES-ee-uh

Meaning: Three spined
Latin Pronunciation: try-a-KAN-tha

Meaning: Trembling, shaking
Latin Pronunciation: TREM-yoo-luh

Latin Pronunciation: trye-ak-anth-off-orus
Meaning: bearing three spines.

Meaning: Prefix meaning three
Latin Pronunciation: try

trench

A long cut, ditch, channel, especially man-made.

Meaning: Three spined
Latin Pronunciation: try-a-KAN-thum

Meaning: From the Greek, referring to the three-locular capsules with three seeds
Latin Pronunciation: try-uh-DEE-kuh

Latin Pronunciation: trye-ak-kanth-us
Meaning: threespined.

Meaning: Three stamens
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-an-dra
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-AN-dra

triadelphous

With stamens fused at their filaments into three groups.

Meaning: Three stamens
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-an-drum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-AN-drum

Latin Pronunciation: trye - and - rus
Meaning: three-anthered.

triandrous

Having three stamens.

Meaning: Variant spelling of triandrus, meaning three stamens
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-an-dus
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-AN-dus

Meaning: Triangular
Latin Pronunciation: try-an-gew-LAIR-ee

triangular

Having the outline of a triangle.

Meaning: Three spined
Latin Pronunciation: try-a-KAN-thus

Latin Pronunciation: trye - an - gew - /ay- tus
Meaning: three-angled.

Latin Pronunciation: trye-an-gew-/ay-riss
Meaning: three-angled.

Latin Pronunciation: trye-ann-gew-lus
Meaning: three- angled.

tribe

A category of taxa between subfamily and genus, grouping similar genera together.

Meaning: Three spined
Latin Pronunciation: try-KAN-thum

Latin Pronunciation: trye-kaw-day-tus
Meaning: three- tailed.

Meaning: Three-pointed; referring to the three-pronged fruit
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-bew-lus

Meaning: Prefix meaning hairy
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-ko

Latin Pronunciation: trik-oh-kay-lix
Meaning: with a hairy calyx.

Meaning: Hairy fruit
Latin Pronunciation: try-ko-KAR-puh

Meaning: Hairy fruit
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-KAR-pum

Meaning: Three spined
Latin Pronunciation: try-KAN-tha

Latin Pronunciation: trik-oh-karp-us
Meaning: hairy- fruited.

Meaning: From the Greek tricho (hairy) and cephala (head)
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-SEF-uh-lus
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-koh-KEF-uh-lus

Meaning: From the Greek tricho (hairy) and cephala (head)
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-SEF-uh-luh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-koh-KEF-uh-luh

Meaning: From the Greek tricho (hairy) and cephala (head)
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-SEF-uh-lum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-koh-KEF-uh-lum

Meaning: Resembles hair
Latin Pronunciation: try-KOY-deez

Meaning: From the Greek thirix (hair) and diadema (band around the head0; referring to the crown of bristles on the leaf tips
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-dy-uh-DEE-muh

trichogyne

The hair on the female organ of the red seaweeds that receives the male gametes.

Meaning: From the ancient Greek name used by Theophrastus and Dioscorides, for a type of fern
Latin Pronunciation: try-KOH-man-ees
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-koh-MAY-nees

Meaning: Resembling Trichomanes, an ancient Greek name for a type of fern
Latin Pronunciation: trik-oh-may-NOY-deez

Meaning: From the Greek thrix (hair) and chlaina (cloak), referring to the hairy coating on the spikelets
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-LAY-nuh

trichome

A hair-like growth.

Meaning: Hairy petals
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-PET-a-la

Meaning: Hairy petals
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-PET-a-lum

Meaning: Hairy petals
Latin Pronunciation: try-koh-PET-a-lus

Meaning: From the greek trichos (hairy) and anthos (flowers)
Latin Pronunciation: try-kos-ANTH-a

Latin Pronunciation: trik-oh-fin-us
Meaning: hairy- leaved.

Latin Pronunciation: trik - oh - sperm - us
Meaning: hairy-seeded.

Latin Pronunciation: trik-oh-santh-us
Meaning: hairy- flowered.

Meaning: Branching into three
Latin Pronunciation: try-KOH-toh-muh

Meaning: From the greek trichos (hairy) and anthos (flowers)
Latin Pronunciation: try-kos-ANTH-um

trichotomous

Branching almost equally into three parts.

Meaning: Branching into three
Latin Pronunciation: try-KOH-toh-mum

Latin Pronunciation: trye-kot-om-us
Meaning: three- branched or -forked.

Meaning: Having three seeds
Latin Pronunciation: try-KOK-um

Latin Pronunciation: trye-kol-or
Meaning: three-colored.

Meaning: Three color
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-kull-lur-es

Meaning: Hairy leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-ko-FIL-uh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:trick-oh-FIL-uh

tricolpate

Describes pollen grains with three grooves or colpi.

Meaning: Having three seeds
Latin Pronunciation: try-KOK-uh

Meaning: Hairy leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-ko-FIL-um

Meaning: Hairy leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-ko-FIL-us
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:trick-oh-FIL-us

Latin Pronunciation: trye-korn-iss
Meaning: three-horned.

Meaning: Three horns
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-korn-ee

Meaning: Having three horns
Latin Pronunciation: try-KORN-oo-ta

Meaning: Having three horns
Latin Pronunciation: try-KORN-oo-tum

Latin Pronunciation: trye-kos-tay-tus
Meaning: three-ribbed.

Meaning: Three-pointed
Latin Pronunciation: try-kusp-ee-DAY-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-kusp-ih-DAH-tuh

Meaning: From Greek, treis (three) and koryne (club), referring to the shape of the fruit
Latin Pronunciation: try-kor-RY-nee

Meaning: Three-pointed
Latin Pronunciation: try-kusp-ee-DAY-tum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-kusp-ih-DAH-tum

Latin Pronunciation: trye-kusp-id-day-tus
Meaning: with three stiff, sharp points (cusps).

Latin Pronunciation: trye - dak - til - us
Meaning: three-fingered.

Meaning: Greek name for another plant
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-daks

Latin Pronunciation: trye-denz
Meaning: with three teeth.

Meaning: Three-toothed
Latin Pronunciation: try-den-TAY-tum

tridentate

The condition that exists when the large teeth of a margin have teeth, which have smaller teeth, which themselves have still smaller teeth.

Latin Pronunciation: trye-den-tay-tus
Meaning: three- toothed.

tridenticulate

Minutely tridentate.

Meaning: Three-toothed, referring to the outer corona lobes
Latin Pronunciation: try-DEN-tee-uh

Meaning: Three-toothed
Latin Pronunciation: try-den-TAY-ta

tridynamous

When three stamens are longer than three others.

Meaning: Three bundles
Latin Pronunciation: try-fask-ee-AH-tuh

trifid

Deeply divided or left in three parts.

Meaning: Three bundles
Latin Pronunciation: try-fask-ee-AH-tus

Meaning: Divided into three; or three clefts
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-fee-duh

Meaning: Three-flowered
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-flor-uh

Meaning: Three bundles
Latin Pronunciation: try-fask-ee-AH-tum

Meaning: Three-flowered
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-flor-um

Latin Pronunciation: trye - floh - rus
Meaning: three-flowered.

Latin Pronunciation: triff-id-us
Meaning: three-parted or thrice-cut.

Meaning: Three leaves, or each leaf divided into three parts
Latin Pronunciation: try-FOH-lee-a

Meaning: Three leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-foh-lee-AY-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-foh-lee-AT-uh

Meaning: Three leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-foh-lee-AY-tum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-foh-lee-AT-um

trifoliate

Having leaves in threes.

Latin Pronunciation: trye-foh-lee-ay-tus
Meaning: three-leaved (or with three leaflets).

trifoliolate

Having three leaflets.

Meaning: Trifoliolate (three-leaved)
Latin Pronunciation: try-foh-lee-oh-LAY-tum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-foh-lee-oh-LAH-tum

Meaning: Trifoliolate (three-leaved)
Latin Pronunciation: try-foh-lee-oh-LAY-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-foh-lee-oh-LAH-tuh

Latin Pronunciation: trye-foh-lee-oh-lay-tus
Meaning: with three leaflets.

Latin Pronunciation: trye-foh-lee-us
Meaning: three-leaved.

Meaning: Forked into three
Latin Pronunciation: try-fur-KAY-tuh

trifurcate

With three branches arising from the same spot.

Meaning: Forked into three
Latin Pronunciation: try-fur-KAY-tum

Latin Pronunciation: trye-fur-kay-tus
Meaning: thrice-forked.

Meaning: From the Greek tri (three) and glochis (a point), referring to the fruit of some species
Latin Pronunciation: try-glo-ky-dee-AY-tus
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-glo-kid-ee-AY-tus

Meaning: Three-cornered, triangular
Latin Pronunciation: try-GOH-nuh

Meaning: From the Greek treis (three) and glochis (pointed), alluding to the projections on the carpel
Latin Pronunciation: try-GLOH-kin

trigonal

Three- angled, triangular in cross section. See also: trigonous.

Meaning: From the Latin trigonus (three-cornered, triangular) and phyllon (leaf)
Latin Pronunciation: try-gon-oh-FIL-a

Meaning: From the Latin trigonus (three-cornered, triangular) and phyllon (leaf)
Latin Pronunciation: try-gon-oh-FIL-us

Meaning: Three-cornered, triangular
Latin Pronunciation: try-GOH-num

trigonous

Three- angled. See also: trigonal.

Meaning: Having three ovaries
Latin Pronunciation: try-GYN-a

Meaning: From the Latin trigonus (three-cornered, triangular) and phyllon (leaf)
Latin Pronunciation: try-gon-oh-FIL-um

Latin Pronunciation: trye - jye - nus
Meaning: with three pistils.

Meaning: Having three ovaries
Latin Pronunciation: try-GYN-um

Latin Pronunciation: trye-lin-ee-ay-tus
Meaning: three- lined.

Meaning: Three-lobed (leaved)
Latin Pronunciation: try-lo-BAY-tuh

Meaning: Three-lobed (leaved)
Latin Pronunciation: try-LO-buh

Meaning: Three-lobed (leaved)
Latin Pronunciation: try-LO-bum

Meaning: Three-lobed (leaved)
Latin Pronunciation: try-lo-BAY-tum

Meaning: Three-lobed (leaved)
Latin Pronunciation: try-lo-BAY-tus

Meaning: Three-cornered, triangular
Latin Pronunciation: try-GOH-nus

Latin Pronunciation: trye-/oh-bus
Meaning: three-lobed.

Meaning: Three-crested
Latin Pronunciation: try-LOH-fuh

trilobed

With three lobes.

Meaning: Three-crested
Latin Pronunciation: try-LOH-fum

Meaning: Having three compartments, referring to the three-celled fruit
Latin Pronunciation: try-lok-yoo-LAIR-is

trilocular

With three cells.

Latin Pronunciation: trye-mest-riss
Meaning: pertaining to a three-month period.

Meaning: Of three months
Latin Pronunciation: try-MES-tree

trimerous

Having flower parts, such as petals, sepals, and stamens, in groups of three.

trimorphic

Occurring in three separate forms within the same taxa.

trinary combination

Trinomial; the binomial plus another term denoting subspecies, variety, forma, etc.

Meaning: Three-veined
Latin Pronunciation: try-NERV-a

Meaning: Three-spotted
Latin Pronunciation: try-mak-yoo-LAY-tuh

trimorphous

Occurring under three forms.

Meaning: Three-veined
Latin Pronunciation: try-NER-vee-uh

trinervate

With three veins.

Meaning: Three-veined
Latin Pronunciation: try-NER-vee-us

Meaning: Three-veined
Latin Pronunciation: try-NERV-um

Meaning: Three-veined
Latin Pronunciation: try-NER-vee-um

Latin Pronunciation: trye-nerv-iss
Meaning: three-veined.

Meaning: From the Greek treis (three) and odons (tooth)
Latin Pronunciation: try-oh-DAY-nis

Latin Pronunciation: trye-noh-tay-tus
Meaning: three- marked or -spotted.

Meaning: Three-veined
Latin Pronunciation: try-NERV-us

Meaning: Three-colored flowers
Latin Pronunciation: try-on-EE-flor-uh

Meaning: Three colours
Latin Pronunciation: try-OH-num

Meaning: Three-ovules
Latin Pronunciation: try-ov-yoo-LAY-ta

Meaning: An abbreviated form of Triosteospermum, referring to the three nutlets (fruit)
Latin Pronunciation: try-oh-SEE-um

Meaning: Bearing three birds
Latin Pronunciation: try-or-nee-THOF-or-uh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-or-nee-tho-FOR-uh

Meaning: Having three parts
Latin Pronunciation: try-par-TEE-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-par-TYE-tuh

Meaning: Having three parts
Latin Pronunciation: try-par-TEE-tum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:try-par-TYE-tum

Latin Pronunciation: trye-par-tye-tus
Meaning: three

Meaning: Three petals
Latin Pronunciation: try-PET-ah-luh

tripartite

Divided into three parts.

Meaning: Three petals
Latin Pronunciation: try-PET-al-lum

Latin Pronunciation: trye-pet-al-us
Meaning: three-petaled.

Latin Pronunciation: trye-fill-us
Meaning: three-leaved.

Meaning: Three leaves
Latin Pronunciation: tri-FILL-os

Meaning: Three leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-FIL-uh

tripinnatifid

When a pinnate leaf has leaflets that are pinnate, and those are also divided into pinna. See also: tripinnatisect.

Meaning: Three leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-FIL-um

tripinnate

Three times pinnate.

tripinnatisect

When a pinnatisect leaf has leaflets that are pinnatisect, and those are also divided into pinnatisect sections; tripinnatifid, but more deeply cut. See also: tripinnatifid.

Meaning: From Greek: triplus (three-fold) and aden (a gland), possibly in reference to the broad basal appendages of the perianth
Latin Pronunciation: trip-la-DEE-nee-uh

triplinerved

Describes leaves in which the midrib produces two slightly smaller side ribs near the base, the ribs forming a bird foot shape.

Meaning: Having 3 veins
Latin Pronunciation: trip-lee-ner-viss

triploid

Having three sets of chromosomes.

Meaning: From the Greek tri (three) pogon (beard) and andros (stamen), referring to the plant having three long, hairy stamen among the shorter, smooth stamen
Latin Pronunciation: try-poh-GAN-dra

Latin Pronunciation: trip-ter-iss
Meaning: three-winged.

Meaning: Of Tripoli, the capitol city of Libya
Latin Pronunciation: trih-POLE-ee-um

Latin Pronunciation: trye-punk-tay-tus
Meaning: three-spotted.

Meaning: Having 3 veins
Latin Pronunciation: trip-lee-ner-vee

Meaning: From the Greek tri (three), the Latin pugio (dagger) and the Greek akanthos (spine); referring to the three sword-shaped central spines
Latin Pronunciation: try-pyoo-gee-on-a-KANTH-a

Meaning: Three-cornered
Latin Pronunciation: try-KWET-ruh

Meaning: Three-cornered
Latin Pronunciation: try-KWET-rum

tripterous

With three wings.

triquetrous

Having three salient angles, the sides concave or channeled.

Latin Pronunciation: trye - kwet - rus
Meaning: three- cornered.

Meaning: Three fives, probably referring to the cut leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-quin-AY-tuh

Meaning: Three fives, probably referring to the cut leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-quin-AY-tum

Meaning: Three fives, probably referring to the cut leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-quin-AY-tus

Latin Pronunciation: trye-stak-ee-us
Meaning: three- spiked.

Meaning: Named for Jules M.C. Tristan, 19th century French botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tris-TAY-nee-uh

Meaning: Resembles Tristania, which is named for Jules M.C.Tristan, 19th century French botanist
Latin Pronunciation: tris-tay-nee-OP-sis

Meaning: Dull
Latin Pronunciation: TRIS-tee

Meaning: Three-bristled
Latin Pronunciation: try-SET-um

tristichous

Arranged in three rows or ranks.

tristylous

Refers to a flower which has styles of three different lengths.

Latin Pronunciation: triss-tiss
Meaning: bitter, dull.

Meaning: Three perfect (complete), referring to floral parts being in three's
Latin Pronunciation: try-TELL-ay-uh

trisulcate

Having three grooves.

Meaning: Three threes, probably referring to the cut leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-tern-AH-tuh

Latin Pronunciation: trye-ter-nay-tus
Meaning: thrice in threes (triternate).

Meaning: Three threes, probably referring to the cut leaves
Latin Pronunciation: try-tern-AH-tum

Meaning: Latin name for the Wheat used in bread making
Latin Pronunciation: TRY-ti-kum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:TRIT-e-kum

Meaning: Named for Giovanni Battista Triumfetti, 18th century professor of Botany and Director of the Botanical Garden in Rome, Italy
Latin Pronunciation: tree-um-FET-ee

Meaning: Named for Giovanni Battista Triumfetti, 18th century professor of Botany and Director of the Botanical Garden in Rome, Italy
Latin Pronunciation: tree-um-FET-a

Meaning: Three inches, possibly referring to the flower heads that grow to 3 inches in length
Latin Pronunciation: try-un-ki-ah-liss

Latin Pronunciation: trye-umff-anz
Meaning: excelling (triumphant).

Latin Pronunciation: triv - ee - ay - liss
Meaning: common, widespread.

Meaning: Trivial, common
Latin Pronunciation: tri-VEE-ah-lee

Meaning: Named for Ren? Joachim Henri Dutrochet, 19th century French physiologist, botanist and scientist
Latin Pronunciation: tro-SHAY-tee-a

Meaning: From the Greek trochos (wheel) pteron (wing) and anthos (flower), referring to the propeller-like flowers of this Cyclamen
Latin Pronunciation: tro-koh-ter-AN-thum

Meaning: Three inches, possibly referring to the flower heads that grow to 3 inches in length
Latin Pronunciation: try-un-ki-ah-le

Meaning: Of or for cave dwellers
Latin Pronunciation: trog-low-DY-tar-um

Meaning: Three-fan
Latin Pronunciation: try-THRY-naks

Meaning: Of or for cave dwellers
Latin Pronunciation: trog-low-DY-tar-us

Meaning: Of or for cave dwellers
Latin Pronunciation: trog-low-DY-tar-uh

Meaning: Having leaves like Trollius (Latinized genus name for Globe flower)
Latin Pronunciation: troll-ee-FOH-lee-um

Meaning: Of Troy (ancient city in Asia Turkey)
Latin Pronunciation: tro-JA-num

Meaning: Of Troy (ancient city in Asia Turkey)
Latin Pronunciation: tro-JA-nus

Meaning: Named for Wilhelm Troll, 20th century Professor of Botany at Munich
Latin Pronunciation: TROL-lee-eye

Meaning: Of Troy (ancient city in Asia Turkey)
Latin Pronunciation: tro-JA-na

Meaning: From the Greek tromos (trembling) and trichos (hair); referring to the the vibratile corolla
Latin Pronunciation: trom-oh-TRY-kee

trompe l'oeil

A style of painting in which objects are depicted with the illusion of photographic reality. It is often used on garden walls to give the impression of depth where none exists.

Meaning: Having foliage like Tropaeolum (genus name meaning trophy, referring to the shape of the flowers)
Latin Pronunciation: tro-pee-oh-lih-FOH-lee-uh

trompe l'oeil

A style of painting in which objects are depicted with the illusion of photographic reality. It is often used on garden walls to give the impression of depth where none exists.

Meaning: Having foliage like Tropaeolum (genus name meaning trophy, referring to the shape of the flowers)
Latin Pronunciation: tro-pee-oh-lih-FOH-lee-us

tropical

Of, being, or characteristic of a region or climate that is frost- free with temperatures high enough to support year-round plant growth.

trophic level

The position in the food chain, from the smallest micro-organism feeding on dead material to the largest predator.

Latin Pronunciation: trop-ik-us
Meaning: of tropical regions.

tropism

The movement of an organism in response to an external source of stimulus, usually toward or away from it, including aerotropism, geotropism, haptotropism, hydrotropism, phototropism, and thigmotropism.

truck garden (alt. truck farm)

A farm that grows vegetables for market.

truck crops (alt. truck farm, truck garden)

Vegetables and fruits grown in large quantities for city markets. See also: orchard.

true leaf

A leaf typical of a plant that appears subsequent to the cotyledons.

Meaning: Cut off
Latin Pronunciation: trunk-AH-tuh

Meaning: Of or from Trujillo, Peru
Latin Pronunciation: tru-hee-yo-EN-sis

trullate (alt. trulliform)

Shaped like a trowel.

truncate

Ending abruptly, as if cut off transversely.

Meaning: Almost cut off; decimated
Latin Pronunciation: trun-kat-yoo-LAY-tuh

Meaning: Almost cut off; decimated
Latin Pronunciation: trun-kat-yoo-LAY-tum

Meaning: With petals shaped like bricklayer's trowel
Latin Pronunciation: truh-ly-PET-uh-lum

Latin Pronunciation: trunk-kay-tus
Meaning: cut square off (truncate).

Meaning: Cut off
Latin Pronunciation: trunk-AH-tum

trunk

The major woody stem of a tree.

Meaning: Almost cut off; decimated
Latin Pronunciation: trun-kat-yoo-LAY-tus

truss

A cluster of flowers, usually at the tip of a stem or branch, generally compact.

tryma

A nut with the outer shell or exocarp falling off to expose the inner nut, like the walnut,Juglans.

Meaning: Named for Isuke Tsuboi, an early 20th century Bamboo collector and cultivator
Latin Pronunciation: tsu-boh-ee-AY-na

Meaning: in honor to Tsai Hsi-Tao, eminently chinese botanist in the 20th century
Latin Pronunciation: TSUH-ee

Meaning: Of or from Qingdao (Tsingtao), China
Latin Pronunciation: ching-dou-EN-see

Meaning: Named by Karl Ivanovich Maximowicz, 19th century Russian taxonomist, for a Japanese plant collector whose name was modified to Tschonoski
Latin Pronunciation: chon-OSK-ee-eye

tsunami

A great sea wave caused by underwater movement of the earth crust or volcanic eruption. See also: seiche.

tuber

A thickened and short subterranean branch having numerous buds or eyes and used for food storage.

tubercle

A small tuber or tuber-like (not necessarily subterranean) body.

Meaning: Has bumps, tubercles
Latin Pronunciation: tew-ber-kew-LAY-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:too-ber-kew-LAH-tuh

tubercular (alt. tuberculate)

Bearing tubercles; covered with warty lumps.

Meaning: Of or from the Tsushima Islands, two islands between Japan and Korea
Latin Pronunciation: tsoos-sim-EN-see

Meaning: Has bumps, tubercles
Latin Pronunciation: tew-ber-kew-LAY-tum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:too-ber-kew-LAH-tum

Meaning: With tubercles or bumps
Latin Pronunciation: tew-ber-kew-LIF-er-uh

Latin Pronunciation: suss - sim - men - siss
Meaning: named after Japanese Island of Tsus-sima.

Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-kew-/ay-tus
Meaning: with small tubers (tubercles) ; hence tu berculate.

Meaning: With tubercles or bumps
Latin Pronunciation: tew-ber-kew-LIF-er-um

tuberculostatic

Herbal medicine used to slow or stop the tuberculosis bacillus.

Meaning: Named for Cornelius Gerrit van Tubergen and his nephews, Thomas M. Hoog and J M C Hoog, bulb growers in Haarlem, Holland
Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-gen-ee-AY-nuh

Latin Pronunciation: too - ber - kew- loh - sus
Meaning: with small tubers; knotted (roots).

Meaning: Named for Cornelius Gerrit van Tubergen and his nephews, Thomas M. Hoog and J M C Hoog, bulb growers in Haarlem, Holland
Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-GEN-ee-eye

Meaning: Named for Cornelius Gerrit van Tubergen and his nephews, Thomas M. Hoog and J M C Hoog, bulb growers in Haarlem, Holland
Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-gen-ee-AY-num

tuberiferous

Bearing tubers.

tuberiferous root

A root which forms rounded knobs to store food, such as the white potato.

Meaning: Bearing tubers
Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-EE-fer-um

Meaning: Bearing tubers
Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-EE-fer-us

tuberoid

A fleshy-thickened root resembling a tuber.

Meaning: Tuberous
Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-OH-suh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tew-ber-OH-suh

Meaning: Tuberous
Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-OH-sum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tew-ber-OH-sum

Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-roh-sus
Meaning: having swollen underground sterns (tubers).

tube flowers

Florets with tubular corollas, usually five- lobed.

Meaning: Bearing tubers
Latin Pronunciation: too-ber-EE-fer-uh

tuberous

Having the character of a tuber; tuber-like in appearance.

Meaning: Bearing tubes
Latin Pronunciation: too-BIH-fer-um

Meaning: Bearing tubes
Latin Pronunciation: too-BIH-fer-uh

Latin Pronunciation: too-bif-floh-rus
Meaning: tubular-flowered.

Meaning: Bearing tubes
Latin Pronunciation: too-BIH-fer-us

Meaning: Tube flower
Latin Pronunciation: too-bih-FLOR-um
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tew-bih-FLOR-um

Meaning: Tube flower
Latin Pronunciation: too-bih-FLOR-uh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tew-bih-FLOR-uh

Meaning: Tubular-shaped spathe
Latin Pronunciation: too-bee-SPA-thum

Meaning: Tubular-shaped spathe
Latin Pronunciation: too-bee-SPA-thus

tubular

With the petals partly united to form a tube.

Meaning: With small pipes
Latin Pronunciation: too-bul-OH-suh

Meaning: Tubular shaped spathe
Latin Pronunciation: too-bee-SPAY-tha

Meaning: With small pipes
Latin Pronunciation: too-bul-OH-sum

Latin Pronunciation: too-bew-loh-sus
Meaning: with tubes or tube-like parts (tubulose).

tufted

Having many stems in close cluster at ground level; not spreading.

tufa

1. A porous rock formed as a deposit from springs or streams, often covered in moss and/or lichen and frequently used in garden landscapes. 2. A mixture of cement and peat moss, or other additives, formed into shapes and used as garden planters, such as tufa troughs.

Meaning: A corruption of a word of Bengali origin, tuladaa, a local common name for a type of Asian bamboo; referenced in British botanist/explorer J.D. Hooker's"Book of Himalayan Journals"
Latin Pronunciation: TOOL-dah

Meaning: Named for Hans von T?rckheim plant collector in Central America
Latin Pronunciation: tewrk-HAIM-ee-eye

Meaning: Resembles Tulda, genus name that is a corruption of tuladaa, a local common name for a bamboo
Latin Pronunciation: tool-DOY-deez

Meaning: Named for Ryk 18th century Dutch Governor of Cape of Good Hope, South Africa
Latin Pronunciation: tul-BAG-ee-uh

Meaning: Of or from the Tulbagh district of South Africa (which in turn is named for Ryk Tulbagh18th century Dutch Governor of Cape of Good Hope, South Africa)
Latin Pronunciation: tul-bag-EN-sis

Meaning: Bearing tulips
Latin Pronunciation: too-LIP-ih-fer

Meaning: Of or from El Tule, Mexico
Latin Pronunciation: too-LEN-see

Meaning: Bearing tulips
Latin Pronunciation: too-lip-EE-fer-um

Meaning: Of or from El Tule, Mexico
Latin Pronunciation: too-LEN-sis

Latin Pronunciation: too-lip-piff-er-us
Meaning: with Tulip-like flowers.

Meaning: Bearing tulips
Latin Pronunciation: too-lip-EE-fer-uh

Meaning: Having flowers like Tulipa (Tulip genus)
Latin Pronunciation: tew-li-ih-FLOR-a

tumid

Turgid, appearing as if swollen from pressure within.

Meaning: Rather swollen
Latin Pronunciation: too-MID-yoo-luh

Latin Pronunciation: too-mid-us
Meaning: swollen.

Meaning: Swollen
Latin Pronunciation: tum-yoo-LO-suh

Meaning: Swollen
Latin Pronunciation: TOO-mid-uh

Meaning: Swollen
Latin Pronunciation: tum-yoo-LO-sum

Meaning: Swollen
Latin Pronunciation: tum-yoo-LO-sus

tundra

The vegetation type of very cold climates overlying permafrost and consisting of lichens, sedges, mosses, grasses, and low woody plants.

Meaning: Coated
Latin Pronunciation: too-nih-KAY-tuh

tunic

Skin covering a bulb or corm, usually papery, dry, and loose.

tunicated

Having concentric coats, as an onion.

Meaning: Coated
Latin Pronunciation: too-nih-KAY-tus

Meaning: Of or from the Tuolemne river in California (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: too-ol-em-NEN-see

Meaning: Of or from Tuolumne County, California (U.S.), which in turn is a corruption of talmalamne, a Native American term meaning people who dwell in stone houses (caves)
Latin Pronunciation: too-ah-lum-NEN-see

Meaning: A type or impression; its reference is unclear
Latin Pronunciation: TOO-pa

Meaning: Coated
Latin Pronunciation: too-nih-KAY-tum

Meaning: Of or from Tuolumne County, California (U.S.), which in turn is a corruption of talmalamne, a Native American term meaning people who dwell in stone houses (caves)
Latin Pronunciation: too-ah-lum-NEN-sis

Latin Pronunciation: tur-ban-if-form-iss
Meaning: turban-shaped.

Meaning: From the Latin turbino (spinning)
Latin Pronunciation: tur-BIN-uh

Meaning: From the greek tupis mallet) and anthos (flower), referring to the shape of the flower buds
Latin Pronunciation: too-pid-ANTH-us

Meaning: Like a spinning top
Latin Pronunciation: turb-in-AY-tuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:turb-in-AH-tuh

Meaning: Like a spinning top
Latin Pronunciation: turb-in-AY-tum
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:turb-in-AH-tum

Latin Pronunciation: tur-bin-nay-tus
Meaning: top-shaped.

Meaning: Diminutive form of turbin (Latin name for top or spinning)
Latin Pronunciation: tur-bin-EL-uh

Meaning: Diminutive form of turbin (Latin name for top or spinning)
Latin Pronunciation: tur-bin-EL-us

Meaning: Diminutive form of turbin (Latin name for top or spinning)
Latin Pronunciation: tur-bin-EL-um

Meaning: From the Latin turbino (spinning) and karpos (fruit)
Latin Pronunciation: tur-bin-ih-KAR-pus

Meaning: Shaped like a spinner or top
Latin Pronunciation: tur-bin-IF-for-miss

Meaning: Spinning top fruit
Latin Pronunciation: turb-in-oh-KAR-puh

turbinate

Top-shaped; inversely conical.

Meaning: Spinning top fruit
Latin Pronunciation: turb-in-oh-KAR-pum

Meaning: Named for Hans von Turckheim, who discovered the species in the early 20th century
Latin Pronunciation: turk-HEIM-ee-eye

Meaning: Named for Victor Turecek, Argentina-born school teacher and cactus collector in California (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: tur-eh-sek-ee-AY-na
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tur-eh-sek-ee-AH-na

Meaning: Named for Victor Turecek, Argentina-born school teacher and cactus collector in California (U.S.)
Latin Pronunciation: tur-eh-sek-ee-AY-nus
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:tur-eh-sek-ee-AH-nus

Latin Pronunciation: tur-jid-us
Meaning: full (turgid).

turgid (n. turgidity)

Swollen, or tightly drawn; describes a membrane or covering expanded by pressure from within.

turgor (syn. turgor pressure, syn. wall pressure)

The normal state of fullness and tension produced by the fluid in living cells.

turion

A young, scaly, or fleshy shoot or sucker budded off from underground stems.

Meaning: Spinning top fruit
Latin Pronunciation: turb-in-oh-KAR-pus

Meaning: Of or from Turkey
Latin Pronunciation: tur-kay-STAN-ee-kus

Meaning: Named for William Turner, 16th century 'Father of English Botany' (published the first original botanical work in English)
Latin Pronunciation: TER-ner-uh

Meaning: Of or from Turkey
Latin Pronunciation: tur-kay-STAN-ee-kuh

turnover (syn. overturn, syn. fall overturn)

The cycling of upper and lower strata of water in bodies of fresh water in autumn, and vice versa in spring, caused by the heating or cooling of upper surfaces. When the upper surface is cooler than the lower water, the cool water sinks.

Meaning: Named for Richard de Tussac, 19th century French botanist and author
Latin Pronunciation: too-SAY-kee-uh

Meaning: Dispeller of coughs
Latin Pronunciation: tuss-ill-AH-go

Meaning: Of or from Turkey
Latin Pronunciation: tur-kay-STAN-ee-kum

Meaning: Named for John Tweedie, 19th century Scottish gardener; emigrated to Argentine and became renowned botanist
Latin Pronunciation: TWEE-dee-uh

Meaning: Pertaining to Tussilago (coltsfoot)
Latin Pronunciation: tuss-ill-uh-GIN-ee-uh

Meaning: Named for John Tweedie, 19th century Scottish gardener; emigrated to Argentine and became renowned botanist
Latin Pronunciation: twee-dee-AH-nuh
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:twee-dee-AY-nuh

Meaning: Named for John Tweedie, 19th century Scottish gardener; emigrated to Argentine and became renowned botanist
Latin Pronunciation: twee-dee-AH-num
Alternative Self-Pronouncing:twee-dee-AY-num

Meaning: Named for John Tweedie, 19th century Scottish gardener; emigrated to Argentine and became renowned botanist
Latin Pronunciation: TWEE-dee-eye

Meaning: Named for Frank Tweedy, 19th century topographic engineer who collected specimens for the US Geological Survey of Montana, Idaho, & Washington
Latin Pronunciation: TWEE-dee-eye

twig

The end subdivision of a branch; a young shoot, generally applied to the growth of the past season.

twiner

A climbing plant with no tendrils or suckers, in which the stem winds around other plants or objects for support.

twining

Clasping by winding around.

twice-compound

With the leaflets again divided into leaflets.

twisted

The seta of many mosses twists strongly in drying. If the twist is such as would be made by seizing the capsule and twisting it to the right, it is said to be twisted to the right. It is possible that this twisting of the seta aids in scattering the spores.

two-ranked

In two vertical rows.

Meaning: From the Greek tylo (knob) and phora (bearing), referring to the floral structure
Latin Pronunciation: ty-loh-FOR-uh

Meaning: Possibly named for John Simpson Tyerman, 19th century curator, Liverpool Botanic Gardens
Latin Pronunciation: ty-er-MAN-ee-eye

Tyndall effect

The scattering of light by colloids, which, for instance, causes the sky to appear blue.

Meaning: An anagram of Cotyledon (a closely-related genus)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-lee-KOD-on

type

One of several categories of herbarium specimens, chosen by taxonomists as being close or identical to that chosen by the original author.

Meaning: Smokey, dull
Latin Pronunciation: ty-FEE-nuh

Meaning: Having leaves like like the genus Typha (Cattail)
Latin Pronunciation: ty-fih-FOH-lee-a

Meaning: Smokey, dull
Latin Pronunciation: ty-FEE-num

Meaning: Smokey, dull
Latin Pronunciation: ty-FON-ee-um

Meaning: Possibly from the Greek (Typhon is a mythological figure representing whirlwinds) and odorum (having fragrance or scent); the meaning is obscure
Latin Pronunciation: ty-fon-oh-DOR-um

Latin Pronunciation: tif-fye-nus
Meaning: smoky; also, perhaps, relating to fever.

Latin Pronunciation: tip-ik-us
Meaning: according to standard; normal or typical form.